Local Government, Taxes, and Guns: Successful Policy Innovation in Three Colombian Cities
Abstract
This paper evaluates transformative policy innovations with respect to security and taxation in the three main Colombian cities: Bogot谩, Medell铆n, and Cali. In the first two, such policies were associated with huge success. Elsewhere we (Guti茅rrez et al. 2009) have tagged these transformation processes as 鈥榰rban/metropolitan miracles鈥�. The term comes from the fact that both common citizens and pundits considered these to be extremely unlikely, that they were fast, and that they were large-scale. We argue, that the success of Bogot谩 and Medell铆n was the result of a set of institutional underpinnings basically related to the 1991 constitution; the opening of a window of opportunity for new political actors; and, as a result, the formation of a new government coalition and 鈥榞overnance formula鈥�. Anti-particularism was a language related to political demands鈥攍inked organically with the pro-1991 constitution movement鈥攚hich became effective because it matched the crucial strategic concerns of heterogeneous constituencies with respect to security and state-building. It was the cement holding together the coalitions that allowed large-scale urban transformation, and it tamed the opposition of the rich because it was issued as the solution their (and everyone else鈥檚) collective action problems.
Citation
Guti茅rrez S., F.; Guti茅rrez, M.T.; Guzm谩n, T.; Arenas, J.C.; Pinto, M.T. Local Government, Taxes, and Guns: Successful Policy Innovation in Three Colombian Cities. UNU-WIDER, Helsinki, Finland (2011) 17 pp. ISBN 978-92-9230-389-1 [WIDER Working Paper No. 2011/26]