Classify different types of waste
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1. Overview
You must identify and classify your waste before you send it for recycling or disposal. This makes sure you or anyone handling your waste deals with it properly.
There are special rules for dealing with hazardous waste or dealing with POPs waste (waste with a high level of persistent organic pollutants 鈥楶OPs鈥�).
Filling in waste transfer or consignment notes
You must describe your waste in the paperwork you give your waste contractor. This must include:
- the waste classification code, also referred to as LoW (List of Waste) or EWC (European Waste Catalogue) code - classification codes for common types of waste are in the relevant parts of this guidance
- whether it鈥檚 hazardous or POPs waste
- the type of premises or business where the waste was produced
- the name of the substance or substances
- the process that produced the waste
- a chemical and physical analysis of the waste and its components
- any special problems, requirements or knowledge related to the waste
If you cannot find a code for your waste
Check the technical guidance on waste, it includes more information about waste classification and assessing waste.
You must not use landfill waste acceptance criteria (WAC) results for waste classification purposes.
How to find out if your waste is hazardous or POPs waste
In most cases you can check the waste code or codes associated with your waste to see if they are hazardous and POPs waste. You must make sure your waste contractor can dispose of this waste properly.
Some waste items have more than one classification, depending on the possible mix of substances in them.
In these cases you must work out exactly what is in your waste, and how much of it is hazardous or POPs.
Check the manufacturers鈥� product safety data sheets for this information or check the technical guidance on waste to find out how to do an assessment.
Many products include orange and black danger symbols or red and white hazard pictograms to indicate they鈥檙e hazardous.
Some products (for example cosmetics and medicines) are not normally labelled with hazard symbols - check the product鈥檚 safety data sheet.
Check the technical guidance on waste and guidance on dealing with POPs waste) for more information on checking for hazardous substances and POPs.
Mixing waste
It鈥檚 illegal to mix hazardous or POPs waste with either non-hazardous or another hazardous waste.
Check how to mix and store hazardous waste.
You will usually need more than one code if you store more than one type of non-hazardous waste in your container.
If you need more help
Get advice from a specialist waste contractor if you鈥檙e not sure whether it鈥檚 hazardous or not.
For more information, contact the Environment Agency.
Environment Agency
Email: [email protected]
Telephone: 03708 506 506
Monday to Friday, 8am to 6pm
Find out about call charges
2. Construction and demolition waste
The tables below list waste codes for common construction and demolition waste.
You can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes - check the technical guidance on waste.
Insulation and asbestos materials
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
Insulation containing asbestos | Hazardous | 17-06-01* |
Other insulation containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-06-03* |
Other insulation materials | Non-hazardous | 17-06-04 |
Other construction materials containing asbestos | Hazardous | 17-06-05* |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics
This list excludes asbestos-containing materials - refer to the insulation and asbestos materials table for any waste with asbestos.
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
Concrete | Non-hazardous | 17-01-01 |
Bricks | Non-hazardous | 17-01-02 |
Tiles and ceramics | Non-hazardous | 17-01-03 |
Concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics (alone or in mixtures) containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-01-06* |
Concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics in mixtures, containing no hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 17-01-07 |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Wood, glass and plastic
This list excludes packaging wastes and domestic type recyclables - refer to the packaging waste and recyclables section for related codes.
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
Wood - untreated | Non-hazardous | 17-02-01 |
Glass - uncontaminated | Non-hazardous | 17-02-02 |
Plastic - excludes packaging waste | Non-hazardous | 17-02-03 |
Treated wood, glass, plastic (alone or in mixtures) containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-02-04* |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Bituminous mixtures, coal tar and tar
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
Bituminous mixtures containing coal tar | Hazardous | 17-03-01* |
Other bituminous mixtures | Non-hazardous | 17-03-02 |
Coal tar and tarred products | Hazardous | 17-03-03* |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Metallic waste, including cable
Most waste electrical and telecommunications (non-WEEE) cable contains hazardous substances. To classify it as non-hazardous, you鈥檒l need to do an assessment. Check the technical guidance on waste for instructions.
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
Copper, bronze and brass | Non-hazardous | 17-04-01 |
Aluminium | Non-hazardous | 17-04-02 |
Lead | Non-hazardous | 17-04-03 |
Iron and steel | Non-hazardous | 17-04-05 |
Tin | Non-hazardous | 17-04-06 |
Mixed metals | Non-hazardous | 17-04-07 |
Metals containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-04-09* |
Cables containing oil, coal tar and other hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-04-10* |
Waste electrical and telecommunications (non-WEEE) cable | Hazardous | 17-04-10* and 17-04-11 |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Soil, contaminated soil, stones and dredging spoil
You must be able to prove that your waste does not contain any hazardous substances to classify soil as non-hazardous - you鈥檒l always need to assess the soil before you hand it over to be collected.
The presence of any fragments of asbestos-containing material in the soil results in a mixed hazardous waste - refer to the insulation and asbestos materials table for more guidance.
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
Soil and stones containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-05-03* |
Other soil and stones | Non-hazardous | 17-05-04 |
Dredging spoil containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-05-05* |
Other dredging spoil | Non-hazardous | 17-05-06 |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Gypsum
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
Gypsum materials containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-08-01* |
Other gypsum materials | Non-hazardous | 17-08-02 |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Cement
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
Un-used or un-set cement | Hazardous | 17-09-03* |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Paints and varnishes
Paints and varnishes of a type normally used by householders can be classified under the codes indicated in brackets if separated out from other waste.
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
Containing organic solvents or other hazardous substances | Hazardous | 08-01-11* (20-01-27*) |
Not containing organic solvents or other hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 08-01-12 (20-01-28) |
Paint or varnish remover | Hazardous | 08-01-21* |
Paint cans | Hazardous | Refer to packaging waste and recyclables section |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Adhesives and sealants
Adhesives and sealants of a type normally used by householders can be classified under the codes indicated in brackets if separated out from other waste.
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
Containing organic solvents or other hazardous substances | Hazardous | 08-04-09* (20-01-27*) |
Not containing organic solvents or other hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 08-04-10 (20-01-28) |
Adhesive or sealant containers | Hazardous | Refer to packaging waste and recyclables section |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
3. Packaging waste and recyclables
The tables below list waste codes for common packaging and domestic type recyclable wastes.
You can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes in the technical guidance on waste.
Containers must be empty to be classified as packaging waste.
Waste status | Plastic | Metal | Paper and cardboard | Glass | Textiles | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clean packaging | Non-hazardous | 15-01-02 | 15-01-04 | 15-01-01 | 15-01-07 | 15-01-09 |
Other clean material, unmixed - excluding packaging | Non-hazardous | 20-01-39 | 20-01-40 | 20-01-01 | 20-01-02 | 20-01-11 |
Mixed clean material - including packaging | Non-hazardous | 15-01-02 and 20-01-39 | 15-01-04 and 20-01-40 | 15-01-01 and 20-01-01 | 15-01-07 and 20-01-02 | 15-01-09 and 20-01-10 |
Empty packaging contaminated with residues of hazardous substances, for example paint cans, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) and drums | Hazardous | 15-01-10* | 15-01-10* | 15-01-10* | 15-01-10* | 15-01-10* |
Empty packaging contaminated with residues of non-hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 15-01-02 | 15-01-04 | 15-01-01 | 15-01-07 | 15-01-09 |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
4. Electronic and electrical equipment
These tables list common waste codes for batteries, lightbulbs and electrical devices.
You need to include all relevant classification codes if you place waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) that would be assigned different codes in the same container.
Hazardous substances or persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in waste electricals
WEEE often has components that contain hazardous substances or persistent organic pollutants (POPs). These could include:
- printed circuit boards
- plastic casings, cables and other components
- insulation foam
- cooling agents
- flame retardants
- activated glass and screen phosphors
- cathode ray tubes
- capacitors
- Ni-Cd batteries
If the levels of hazardous substances or POPs are over a certain amount the item will be classified as hazardous or POPs waste.
If your WEEE is POPs waste you cannot reuse or recycle it.
There are special rules about:
- where you can export WEEE that contains POPs - check the guidance on classifying electrical device waste
- dealing with hazardous waste
- disposing of POPs waste
If you鈥檝e assessed your waste and are still not sure if an item is hazardous or POPs waste, you should treat it as hazardous and POPs waste as a precaution.
Read technical guidance on how to assess waste and identifying POPs waste.
Televisions, computer monitors and other display devices
Components such as screens, circuit boards, batteries or any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs.
Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial | |
---|---|---|---|
Cathode ray tube (CRT), flatscreen (plasma or LCD) containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* | 16-02-13* |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Fridges, freezers, chillers and air-conditioning units
Components such as circuit boards, motors and any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs. Coolants and foam may also be hazardous. Usually there is not enough POPs for the item to be classified as POPs waste.
Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial | |
---|---|---|---|
Containing ozone-depleting substances as foam blowing agents or coolants | Hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-23* | 16-02-11* |
Other | Hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-35* | 16-02-13* |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Large domestic appliances (LDA): white goods (washing machines, tumble dryers, dishwashers and cookers)
Components such as circuit boards, motors or any plastic parts may contain POPs. Usually there is not enough for the item to be classified as POPs waste.
Heat pump tumble dryers contain coolants which are hazardous. You must classify and manage these differently to vented and condenser tumble dryers.
Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial | |
---|---|---|---|
Large domestic appliances: white goods | Non-hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-36 | 16-02-14 |
Heat pump tumble dryers | Hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-35* | 16-02-13* |
Vented and condenser tumble dryers | Non-hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-36 | 16-02-14 |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Small mixed WEEE
These are small household-type electrical items collected from homes or businesses.
Components such as screens, circuit boards, batteries or any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs.
Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial | |
---|---|---|---|
Small mixed WEEE containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Other household-type electricals from homes or businesses
These are waste electrical items collected from households or businesses that are not already listed and are separated from small mixed WEEE.
Components such as screens, circuit boards, batteries or any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs.
Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial | |
---|---|---|---|
Cat 1: Large household appliances (other than LDA white goods) containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a |
Cat 2: Small household appliances containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a |
Cat 3: IT and telecommunication equipment containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a |
Cat 4: Consumer equipment containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a |
Cat 5: Lighting equipment containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a |
Cat 6: Electronic and electrical tools containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a |
Cat 7: Toys, leisure and sporting equipment containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Lightbulbs and lamps
Components such as circuit boards, plastic parts or casings may contain POPs and hazardous chemicals, such as flame retardants.
You must check the levels of hazardous substances and POPs in the bulbs before you can classify the waste. To assess WEEE for hazardous substances or POPs, check the guidance on classifying electrical device waste.
Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial | |
---|---|---|---|
Linear fluorescent tubes | Hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-21* | 16-02-13* |
Compact fluorescent lamps and other non-linear gas discharge lamps | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* | 16-02-13* |
LED containing POPs and hazardous substances | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* | 16-02-13* |
LED not containing POPs and all halogen and incandescent lamps not containing hazardous substances | Non-hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-36 | 16-02-14 |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Batteries
Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial | |
---|---|---|---|
Lead acid (vehicle) | Hazardous | 16-06-01* | 16-06-01* |
Lead acid (other) | Hazardous | 20-01-33* | 16-06-01* |
Nickel-Cadmium | Hazardous | 20-01-33* | 16-06-02* |
Mercury containing | Hazardous | 20-01-33* | 16-06-03* |
Alkaline | Non-hazardous | 20-01-34 | 16-06-04 |
Other - Lithium or Lithium ion | Non-hazardous | 20-01-34 | 16-06-05 |
Mixed household-type batteries - separately collected | Hazardous | 20-01-33* | Not allowed |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Other WEEE, parts and components
If your waste is not listed, check the guidance on classifying electrical device waste. You can find more classes in the section on treating WEEE.
5. Vehicle and oily wastes
The tables below list waste codes for common wastes produced by vehicle maintenance and dismantling activities.
You can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes in the technical guidance on waste.
Vehicle fluids and other oils
You must not mix any of the following fluids:
- mineral oils
- cooking oils
- halogenated oils
- brake fluids
- anti-freeze
- washer fluids
- oily waters
Vehicle and other oils
Waste status | Contains PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) | Mineral-based and chlorinated | Mineral-based and non-chlorinated | Synthetic | Readily biodegradable | Other oils | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hydraulic oils | Hazardous | 13-01-01* | 13-01-09* | 13-01-10* | 13-01-11* | 13-01-12* | 13-01-13* |
Engine, gear and lubricating oils | Hazardous | Not applicable | 13-02-04* | 13-02-05* | 13-02-06* | 13-02-07* | 13-02-08* |
Insulating and transmission oils | Hazardous | 13-03-01* | 13-03-06* | 13-03-07* | 13-03-08* | 13-03-09* | 13-03-10* |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Interceptor wastes
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
Interceptor sludges | Hazardous | 13-05-03* |
Oily water from interceptor | Hazardous | 13-05-07* |
Solid waste from interceptor | Hazardous | 13-05-01* |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Fuels, brake and anti-freeze fluids
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
Fuel oil and diesel | Hazardous | 13-07-01* |
Petrol | Hazardous | 13-07-02* |
Other fuels, including mixed fuels from mis-fuelling | Hazardous | 13-07-03* |
Brake fluids | Hazardous | 16-01-13* |
Antifreeze containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 16-01-14* |
Antifreeze not containing hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 16-01-15 |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Vehicles and their components
The waste code for end-of-life (no longer usable) tyres is 16-01-03.
Vehicles
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
End-of-life vehicles - un-depolluted | Hazardous | 16-01-04* |
End-of-life vehicles - depolluted | Non-hazardous | 16-01-06 |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Components, including oil filters
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
Oil filters | Hazardous | 16-01-07* |
Components containing mercury | Hazardous | 16-01-08* |
Components containing PCBs | Hazardous | 16-01-09* |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Air bags
The waste code for explosive components (for example air bags) is 16-01-10*.
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Brake pads
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
Brake pads containing asbestos | Hazardous | 16-01-11* |
Other brake pads | Non-hazardous | 16-01-12 |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Car batteries
The waste code for lead acid car batteries is 16-06-01*.
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Catalytic converters
The waste code for catalytic converters is 16 01 21*, or 16 01 22 for those that do not contain refractory ceramic fibres (RCF).
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
End-of-life vehicle wastes
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
Ferrous metal | Non-hazardous | 16-01-17 |
Non-ferrous metal | Non-hazardous | 16-01-18 |
Cable | Hazardous | 16-01-21* and 16-01-22 |
Plastic | Non-hazardous | 16-01-19 |
Vehicle glass | Non-hazardous | 16-01-20 |
Contaminated materials
Waste status | Waste code | |
---|---|---|
Clothing, absorbents or wiping cloths contaminated with hazardous substances | Hazardous | 15-02-02* |
Clothing, absorbents or wiping clothes contaminated with non-hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 15-02-03 |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
6. Healthcare and related wastes
The tables below list waste codes for common healthcare and related wastes.
You can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes in the technical guidance on waste.
Additional guidance
Check the guide to the safe management of healthcare waste for additional information about classifying clinical and healthcare waste.
Offensive waste
鈥極ffensive waste鈥� is non-clinical waste that鈥檚 non-infectious and does not contain pharmaceutical or chemical substances, but may be unpleasant to anyone who comes into contact with it.
Examples | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Healthcare offensive waste | Outer dressings and protective clothing like masks, gowns and gloves that are contaminated with body fluids, and sterilised laboratory waste | Non-hazardous | 18-01-04 | 18-02-03 |
Municipal offensive waste | Hygiene waste and sanitary protection like nappies and incontinence pads | Non-hazardous | 20-01-99 | 20-01-99 |
You must segregate healthcare offensive waste from both clinical and mixed municipal wastes.
If you鈥檝e produced more than 7kg of municipal offensive waste, or have more than one bag in a collection period, you must segregate it from any mixed municipal waste.
If you鈥檝e produced less, you can dispose of your municipal offensive waste in your mixed municipal waste (鈥榖lack bag鈥�). Use classification code 20-03-01.
Plaster and similar wastes
Most plaster waste is non-infectious.
It should be kept separately from any plaster waste that鈥檚 infectious, which must be placed in the bagged infectious clinical waste stream.
Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare | |
---|---|---|---|
Plaster and similar wastes, for example from dentistry and fracture clinics | Non-hazardous | 18-01-04 | 18-02-03 |
Waste medicines
A medicine is considered to be cytotoxic or cytostatic for waste classification purposes if it鈥檚 any of the following:
- acutely toxic
- carcinogenic
- mutagenic
- toxic for reproduction
Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare | |
---|---|---|---|
Cytotoxic and cytostatic medicines | Hazardous | 18-01-08* | 18-02-07* |
Other medicines | Non-hazardous | 18-01-09 | 18-02-08 |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Household medicines returned to a community pharmacy should be coded as follows:
- cytotoxic and cytostatic medicines: 20-01-31*
- other medicines: 20-01-32
Sharps and related waste
Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare | |
---|---|---|---|
Cytotoxic and cytostatic contaminated | Hazardous | 18-01-08* and 18-01-03* | 18-02-07* and 18-02-02* |
Other medicinally contaminated | Hazardous | 18-01-03* and 18-01-09 | 18-02-02* and 18-02-08 |
Non-medicinally contaminated | Hazardous | 18-01-03* | 18-02-02* |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Anatomical waste
Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare | |
---|---|---|---|
Not chemically preserved - infectious | Hazardous | 18-01-03* | 18-02-02* |
Not chemically preserved - non-infectious | Non-hazardous | 18-01-02 | 18-02-03 |
Chemically preserved - infectious or non-infectious | Hazardous | 18-01-06* and 18-01-02*/03 | 18-02-05* and 18-02-02*/03 |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Bagged clinical waste
You must only put waste items that are both infectious and chemically contaminated (for example some samples and diagnostic kits) in the yellow bag waste stream.
Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare | |
---|---|---|---|
Infectious clinical waste (no chemicals or pharmaceuticals) - orange bag | Hazardous | 18-01-03* | 18-02-02* |
Infectious clinical waste - yellow bag | Hazardous | 18-01-03* and 18-01-06* | 18-02-02* and 18-02-05* |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.
Laboratory chemicals and photochemicals
You must classify photochemicals and film, including X-ray related products, with codes from chapter 9 of the waste code section in the technical guidance on waste.
Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare | |
---|---|---|---|
Other chemicals - hazardous | Hazardous | 18-01-06* | 18-02-05* |
Other chemicals - non-hazardous | Non-hazardous | 18-01-07 | 18-02-06 |
(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.