188体育

Main messages

Infectious diseases

Immunisation

Ensure that all patients, especially children, are up-to-date with the UK immunisation schedule. See Immunisation collection with complete schedules.

Tuberculosis (TB)

There is a low incidence of TB in Iran (<40 cases/100,000), so:

• routine screening for TB is not required
• consider testing in patients (including children) who show signs and symptoms
• be aware that TB is a notifiable disease

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV

Take a sexual history, and:

• screen for STIs and HIV according to risk as specified in the UK national standards and guidelines
• test all sexually active patients under the age of 25 for chlamydia

Iran has a low rate of HIV (鈮�1%), so:

• offer and recommend a HIV test if the patient:
  • falls into a high risk group
  • is newly registering in a high prevalence area
• be advised that national guidelines do not recommend routine consideration of HIV testing of infants and children who have recently arrived in the UK

Hepatitis B

Iran has a low prevalence of hepatitis B, so:

• offer screening for hepatitis B to all pregnant women during each pregnancy
  • immunise appropriately babies born to mothers who are hepatitis B positive, and follow-up accordingly
• be aware that the UK has a universal infant immunisation programme for hepatitis B and a selective immunisation programme for higher risk groups

Travel plans and advice

Ask opportunistically about any travel plans the patient may have to visit friends and relatives in their country of origin, and see , or the Health Protection Scotland websites ( and , for travel advice.

Malaria

There is a risk of malaria in some areas of Iran, mainly due to due to P. falciparum and P. vivax., so:

• who has travelled to-and-from in the last year
• remember that malaria can be rapidly fatal

Typhoid

There is a risk of typhoid infection in Iran, so:

• ensure that travellers to Iran are offered typhoid immunisation and advice on prevention of enteric fever
• remember enteric fever in the differential diagnosis of illness in patients with a recent history of travel to-or-from Iran

Helminths

There is a risk of helminth infections in Iran, including soil transmitted helminthiasis.

Women鈥檚 health

Reproductive health indicators

Reproductive health indicator	UK	Iran
Number of children per woman鹿	2	2
Use of contraception虏	82%	73.8%

鹿lifetime average

No data is available on:

• mammography screening rates
• cervical cancer screening rates

Find out more about women鈥檚 health.

Nutritional and metabolic concerns

Vitamin D

Consider the possibility of vitamin D deficiency in people who may be at risk due to:

• covering their body for cultural or religious reasons (lack of sunlight)
• skin colour
• diet (vegan or vegetarian)

Country profile

Health indicators and health care

has a summary of health indicators and healthcare in Iran.

Culture, politics and history

and provide background information on the culture, politics and history of Iran.

Languages

Language	Population (%)
Persian (official)	53
Azeri Turkic & Turkic dialects	18
Kurdish	10
Gilaki and Mazandarani	7
Luri	2
Balochi	8
Arabic	2
Other	2

Source:

Find out about language interpretation.

Religions

Religion	Population (%)鹿
Muslim (official)虏	99.4
翱迟丑别谤鲁	0.3
Unspecified	0.4

鹿2010 est.虏Shia 90-95%, Sunni 5-10%); 鲁includes Zoroastrian, Jewish, and Christian

Source:

Migration to the UK

At the time of the 2011 census, there were almost 82,000 people from Iran living in England and Wales. Source: .